Rotary piston drill



Feb. l2 1924.

' A. SCHINKEZ ROTARY PIsToN DRILL 2 Shee'ics-Sheet 1 Filedbec. 1e 1920 www MM SW N Feb. 12 1924, 1,483,199

A. SCHINKEZ ROTARY PISTQN DRILL Filed Dec. 16. 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patent Feb... l2, ild.

lill? aal aannam soumises, or' GRAND HAVEN, moment. nssIeNOn. ro WILLIAM n. mann,

o., or enaNn nav-EN, meneame CORPORATION or MICHIGAN.

nornmr rIsroN namur..

application ill-ed December 16,' 1920. Serial Re. 431,129.

To laZZ it may concern:

` lowing is a `s ecification.

The invention relates to a 'pressure duid actuated tool and especially to a tool of thisv general class having a spindle or shaft to be driven, such, for example, as a pneumatic,

drill; and this application is a continuation in part of my copending application Serial No., 369,180 tiled VMarchv 29, 1920. f The general object ofthe invention -is to provide an exceedinglyv practical tool ,of the character stated, embodying fthe principle of .operation wherein the actuation of the tool spindle is accomplished by a plurality l of pistons mounted in a'rotatable element and acting upon a lrelatively* inclined niemd ber to eect the rotation thereof with the rotatable element, the member being operatively'assocated with the-spindle.

The object of the invention more speci-A cally stated is to `provide a construction and arrangement of the tool parts such as will result in a tool of an exceedingly compact character, of light weight, of substantial durability, and ofhigh eiiciency in opera.-

tion.

` f iurther object of the invention is to produce 'a tool which is capable oi being quickly and easily disassembled andareassembled for convenience in making repairs and in the renewal of parts.

The objects of the invention thus generally stated, together with other-'and ancillary advantages which will be apparent as the description proceeds, are attained by the construction and arrangemer itillus- .trated inthe accompanying drawings'form-A ing part hereof in which Figure 1 is a longitudinalcentral sectional view through a tool embodying the features oi my invention Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view through the tool taken substantially in the plane of line 2I ofFig. 1. Figs. 3 and dare similar 'views taken respectivelyv substantially in the planes of lines 3 and e of Fig.

'1, the pistons being omitted' from 'Fig'. 3.

Figk is a perspective view of' a part oi the ressiire duid distributing means, detached. rig. 6 is a similar view of another partei said means. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a gear element operatively connecting certain parts of the tool in their rotation.

The tool comprises generally a casing 8 having a hand portion 9- connected with the 00 rear end wall of the casing by means of a neck portion 10. ln the forward end of the casing is journalled a tool spindle 11 having a direct gearing connection with a rotary velement 12. Said element 'embodies' a plues i rality of cylinders each havinga piston reciprocable. therein and connected with an inclined rotatable element 13, andthe ele- Vinent '12 is operatively associated with said element 13 so that the two elements rotate 70 -1n unison. Means for controlling the ilow of pressure .Huid tothe cylinders of the element l2 to effect their Aoperation includes a distributor' comprising a stationary section 14; also a movablev section 15 operable in 75 the rotation of the element'12 to permit oil the admission dnd exhaust/of `pressure fluid from the cylinders in succession.

The casing 8 is made annular in form and of relatively short length, forming in eect so ,a barrel, and is constructed in two sections 8'a and 8b secured together in any suitable way. Preferably the rear section 8a and the handle are formedl integral, the rear-end vwall of the casing having a rearward extense sion l0- into which the neck portion 10 of the handle merges. The section 81 carries. a journal hearing 16 for the shank 17 of the spindle l1.

'lhe hand portion 9 of the tool embodies 9o the usual valve means 18' manually operable throu h the medium of a lever 19 to con-.-` trol the dow of pressurejuid to the distributing means. by way of a passageway 20 which extends through the neck portion '10 9 5 of the handle and the extension 10L of the casing.

The tool spindle 11 has keyed upon its rear end a spur gear 2l having an operative connection with a' gear element 22 having 10o. A

lment and mesl ing with the pinion 21. At its rear-endythe gear element 22`has a non-rotative quick detachable clutch con- 11o nection with the piston element 12. The latter element (F ig. 3) comprises a pluraht I of cylinders 26 preferably castintegral wit 28 between whic sleeve 27 of the element12 may be interposed a bushing 29. of suitable bearing metal. Into the forward end of said sleeve 27 projects a stud 30 integral with the gear element 22, and the extreme forward end of said sleeve is recessed at diametrically opposite sides as shown at 31 (Fig. 3) to receive the opposite ends of a head or block 32 (Figs. 1 and 7) also rigid with the ear element,

the stud 30 extending rea-rwar ly from said block. By this means, the piston element 12 is rigidly connected with the gear element 22 so that the elements are nonrotatable with reference to each other but capable of quick and eas detachment.

The inclined rotatable element 13 is in the form of an annular or ring member 33 mounted to rotate in a bearing memberl 34 stationarily mounted in the forward portion of the casin The lower portion of l said bearing mem er 34 has a seat 35 in the forward wall of the casing and the upper and side portions of the member are seated in an inwardly projecting portion 36 of the casing between the sections 8 and 8b thereof. Preferabl ball bearings 37 are interposed between tlsie ring member 33and its bearing 34, the balls be1n retained in position by secured within the member 33 as by meansvof a suitab e retainer 38.

Each of the cylinders 26 of the element 12 has mounted therein a piston 39, and the pistons are connected by means of pltmen 40 with the ring member 33, the opposlte ends of the itmen having universal connections with t e pistons and the rin member. For securin in position the ba members comprising lille universal connections at the forward ends of the pitmen, the ringlmember 33v has formed therein a plura 'tyeof sockets 41 one for each of the ball mem rs,

and the ball members are secured in position in their sockets bym'eans of a retaining ring 42 secured in position as by means of screws 43 (Fi 2) and having suitableapcrtures 41a fort ereception of saidball members. Preferably th'e ring is provided u on the outer sides of said apertures with s ots4 42a adapted to pass the pitme'n in the assembling of the parts.

The `r1ng member 33 of the inclined element has a gearing connection with the gear element 22 and hence with vthe spindle 11, by means of a bevel gear ring 44 rigidly being pinion 45 have the same number of teeth so that the elements 12, 13 and 22 operate in unison. It will beobservedthat the gear element 22 being fixed with reference to the piston element 12, and geared directly to the inclined element 13, there is provided, in effect, a universal connection between these elements which serves effectively to maintain at all times these parts in proper alinement. Moreover, this element 22, because of its connections with the elements 12 and 13, constitutes a driving shaft for the tool spindle or other element to be driven, which is arranged coaxially of the piston element 12 and passes through the inclined element 13, thus lending extreme compactness to the tool. I Y

The stationary section 14 of the distributing means for the pressure Huid, comprises an elongated cylindrical member 46 extending coaxially of the casing through the rearward extension 10 andv having at its rear end a screw-threaded stud 47 adapted to re ceive a nut 48 by means of which the member is rigidly secured in the rear end of the casing. At its forward endsaid member 46 carries the journal member 28 upon which the element 12 is rotatably mounted. Upon opposite sides the cylindrical member 46 is recessed to form respectively an inlet chamber 49 and an exhaust chamber 50l (Figs. 1, 4 and 5). cates by way of a duct 51 with the passageway 20 which leads to the source of pressure fluid supply. The chamber 50, on the other hand, communicates by way of a duct 52 with a vdownwardly extending exhaust port 53 formed in the rear wall extension 1()a of thev casing.

The `section 15 of the pressure fluid distributing means comprises a sleeve 54 (Fig. 6) rotatably mounted upon the member 46 of the distributer section 15 and fixed within a rearwardly projecting tubular st em formed rby an annular 4flange 55 formed on the ele- Preferably, I employ four cylinders 26 equidistantly arrangedabout the axis of the tool, and for each 'of the cylinders there is provided in the sleeve 54 a recess 56 having a slot 58. It will be apparent that in the rotation of the sleeve with` the cylinders 26 communication is established alternately be- The inlet chamber 49 communiactuated by the admission and exhaust of v pressure fluid under the control of the distributing means, act' uponV the inclined element l13 to impart rotation thereto, and

the latter drives the gear element 22 throu h the gearing connection (i4, 45. The gear e e ment in turn drivesthe spindle 11 through the gearing connection 21, 2,5.

Ait-brust bearing 522 `of suitable construc i tion is preferably, interposed between the rotary element12 and the'rear wall of the casing, and may advantageously1 be arranged so as to' encircle the annular v[ia-nge 55', fitrtin neatly thereoverg l hen i is desired to disassemble the tool for any reason, as for the purpose of making repairs, it is only necessary to disconnect the section Sbfrom the section`8 by removing its securing screws (not shown). The pis.- ton element, it will be observed, is readily withdrawable out of the casing; sectionv 8, and is capable of being freely ydisconnected 1 i' from the elements 13 and 22, the pistons be,

ing withdrawn from their respective cylinders and the clutch connection'l, 32 disengaged in this operation.

It will be 'observed that I 'have provided a tool .f extremesimplicity, and one of a .practical character. The tool asa whole is of relatively light weight construction, and the parts are arranged with great compactness. The tool is thus capable of use in relatively restricted' places and lmay bel conveniently handled by the workmen.' Moreover,

by reason of the fact that the rotating piston 41S4 and inclined elements encircle the central -drivefshaft the tool may, incase of the lar er models, be readily equipped with a fee screw extending centrally through the casing unrestricted by said elements.` -L

The operative connection through the gear element 22 between the several rotative elements of the tool is ofespecial importance by reason of the Aeii'ective manner inwhich e these elements are maintained in proper op- 55 erative associationgwith a minimum consumption ofpower by friction in operation. The foregolng illustrates one embodiment only of my.invention but it is to be understood thatl changes may be made in Kthe 60 form, arrangement and 'construction of the various novel features; thattheir mode of operation may be varied and that features may be omitted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

I claim as my invention: A pressure-fluid-actuated tool comprising, in combination, a casing, a rotary element providing a plurality of circumferentially arranged cylinders rotatably mountedas a TU unit im sai casing and each having a piston therein, .a tool spindle journalled in they casing` a rotary inclined member operativelyconnected with said pistons and with ysaid spindle, said connection being adapted to. 75

maintain the memberA and cylinders in vrotative alinement and comprising a gear ele ment journalled at its forward end in theJ casing and fixed at its rear end in said rotary-element, said earv element having a S0 spur pinion and a evel pinion, said'tool spindle having a spur gear adapted, to mesh with -said spur inion, and said annular member having bevel gear teethmeshng with said bevel pinion.

ln testimony whereo set my hand e5 f, I .have hereunto ALBERT scHrNKEZ; 

